Nigeria Outlook Towards Waste Management and Recycling. by O., S., Segun.

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Waste Recycling

Ignorance is like an environmental pollution, it kills slowly, but surely. This was, initially, Nigeria, with Nigerians, attitude towards Waste Management and Recycling; an outlook gradually shifting. Nigeria, according to her econometrics, currently sits, on the giant throne, as the most populous country in Africa with a population that exceeds over 200 million people, who generates 43.2 million tonnes of waste yearly causing fatal environmental blowback and detrimental effects. Waste is wealth - economical and developmental resources in disguise. If this potential is properly, effectly, and strategically tapped, it will create more employment, power generation, a waste based economy, and economic diversification.
 
Travel exposure and intentional Investment in orientation and education is key to changing societal outlook on waste management and recycling. For instance, in 2001, the, then, executive governor of Lagos state, armed with foreign education, travel experience, and determination to make Lagos state the cleanest in the country, commissioned over 50 heavy-duty equipment worth huge millions, to improve waste disposal in the state. Onyekakeyah (2018) notes that, "If there is any state in Nigeria that has raised public awareness about waste disposal and environmental sanitation, it is Lagos State. Since 2008 when the Fashola administration assumed power in the state, waste disposal was raised as a major challenge of government." Fashola aggressively pushed a trend that promoted  garbage trucks controlled and operated by a private waste management - (PSP). This PSPs were deployed practically to all the nooks and crannies of Lagos, to evacuate refuse. This greatly changed the sanitation condition in the state. This action was followed with the deployment of street sweepers all over the city. The creation of Lagos Waste Management Authority (LAWMA), saddled with the responsibility of waste management - collection and disposal of municipal and industrial waste, as well as the provision of commercial waste services to the state and local governments, is another pointer to what exposure can do. On the 15th September 2020, awared of the dying need for knowledge and orientation, LAWMA launched the LAWMA Academy. The Academy offers orientation programs, and several programmes certifications in waste management and services aimed at promoting the Reduce, Reuse and Recycle practices of waste management. A conscious push for these will lead to significant changes in the general outlook, living conditions, and improve sustainable development plans.

Lastly, prioritizing waste recycling is key to economic improvement and it will reduce total dependence on petroleum products. Waste pollution is a big challenge, but this challenge is actually an opportunity, a blessing, in disguise. It will only take knowledge to remove the veil, and give access to sight.Waste is an economical and developmental resources in disguise. If this resource is properly, effectly, and strategically tapped, it will create more employment, power generation, a waste based economy, and economic diversification. This is very achievable, as foreign governments and countries are already utilizing this idea judiciously.

In conclusion, according to Suhaib Arogundade, Team Lead at Waste-Watch Africa, "... Nigeria, by 2025, with a population of 233.5 million or more, will be generating an estimated 72.46 million tonnes of waste annually at a projected rate of 0.85 kg of waste/capita/day." What this means is that, Nigeria annual waste generation will almost equal its crude oil production which currently stands at approximately 89.63 million tonnes per year. This calls for urgent proactivity, and intentional leverage on the huge benefit of Waste - Recycling.

Olorode, Segun Stephen.

Creating a Nigeria Context of Sustainable Working and Vetted Marketing Strategy in the Soccer Space; a Case Study of Manchester United and English Premier League. By O., S., Segun.

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Sporting Lagos Club, Nigeria.

Football without fans is a soulless venture that deprives the sport of its emotional appeal and entertainment. (Odhiambo, 2022). The value of spectators in soccer goes beyond cheering and financial implications. Rather, it dwells on... something much more deeper, a connection, and intimacy - love and loyalty. Nigeria population was 195.6 million as at 2018, 210.87 million in 2021, and, currently, 215.87 Million in 2022, according to our econometric models. Recent record estimated active football fans in the country to be around 147.98 million; that is over 76percent - a distinction. Football is generally considered the most popular sport globally, attracting about 4 billion fans worldwide. Diehard fans are extremely loyal to their teams in good and bad times. As a matter of fact, the attendance, consistent show-up, rest upon this deeper connection.

Intentional, aggressive, pragmatic investment in creation of fan base physically and virtually, placing high priority on entertainment, leveraging relationship with event spots in  and around Lagos will not only ignite the soul of the game and footballers, but will also lead to the attention of value seeking power players like the media houses who has funds but seek great contents, and sponsors who also has funds but seek exposure and engaging advertisment for their products - all of which will yield uncountable profitability. Intentional, but strategic investment is the secret to filling 10,000 or more capacity stadium.

First and foremost, the question is 'how'. How do we get over 10,000 supporters to the stadium to see Sporting Lagos...and the entire league as a whole? The game must be package exclusively as an entertainment. To get the supporters to show up, more, and fill up the stadium, priority must be given to understanding this demographics - Gen-Z, Millennium...and other adults. What exactly do they love, crave; what connects these age groups - entertainment. There's a massive movement and engagement going on social media and outside that involves music and film industry. It's a global pandemic - this generation is obsessed with these things. This is the secret - Football Meets Entertainment (Music, Films...). Tom Oakley, a Marketing genius from Aston University, commented that, Intentional packaging of the soccer as a full fledged entertainment is the secret to advancing and attracting active fans to the game. A study of the Premier League, the football division of England’s top 20 clubs, widely recognised as the best domestic league in the world for its entertainment quality and competitive nature. And the world can’t get enough of it. Arguably the most successful British export industry of the last 20 years, the Premier League can no longer be considered only in football terms but also a juggernaut of business that contributed £3.4bn to UK GDP in 2013/14, according to their official site. But how has a sporting division become so valuable? How has the league and clubs within it become such valuable ‘brands’ – a phrase that makes most football fans cringe – and been marketed so successfully? A quick look at the 2016 revenue breakdown of Manchester United, the Premier League’s leading club in terms of business performance, shows how the revenue streams have changed proportionally over the Premier League era. Twenty years ago, match day was every club’s payday as the match-going supporter turned out to pay to watch their local team and hopefully buy a pie and a pint at half time. Barring the launch of a new kit every two or three years and their share of a small pot of TV money, that was pretty much these clubs’ means of balancing the books. Fast forward to today and that match day revenue could almost be swallowed whole by Manchester United’s commercial and broadcasting income (and they’re still growing fast) But why? As a ‘product’ at the most basic level, the Premier League hasn’t changed from what preceded its infancy in 1992 – it’s the same game of football with the same rules and is certainly no different to the other domestic top divisions across Europe and the world. But what’s changed is the way it’s packaged as "entertainment". Therefore, musical Artistes (Upcoming and established) performances (Musical stars save for after match mini party) and games (hosted by favourites film stars) before football match will not only increase the fans but will also increase ticket sales. So, entertainment should also include fans of the week games,  Invite international superstar footballers to the game, do promo on the tickets, attach prizes to some special tickets, free buses/ give away especially for university students on campus, free entry to see training, consciously but interpretatively made players' jerseys that are not only beautiful but significant for the players and proud fans (who will be buying - another stream of revenue), consistently updated YouTube/Instagram account for the club that shows the behind scene moments - locker room, dinning room, special birthdays, special family time, training, rehearsal, players transfer, excursion invitation to secondary schools in Lagos, community football tours - games with local footballers in the trenches, on local fields, funny moments...just... engaging contents, sport magazine every 6 months, for a start, international mentorship programs for players with specially invited international players, with fans in attendance, making the fans all over feel connected and part of something bigger - the team, sporting Lagos family. Development and application of the Premier League strategy, in the Nigeria context, will skyrocket the fan base in 6 month and a 10,000 capacity space will no longer be enough.

Secondly, aggressive and Intentional investment in Media Campaign, Marketing and Advertisment. It is no longer news that the marketing system, especially on the social media's space, is gaining more tractions. However, that does not diminish the consistent impact of the traditional marketing system. To increase fans supports, engaging and consistent show up, priority must be given to aggressive Media Campaign and other penetrative platforms. Strategic campaigns on radio, television most popular shows -BB Naija platform, Films/Series Sponsorship, Twitter trends & influencers, Instagram Ads/Comedians and more. Everyday of the week, there's always an event in strategic places in Lagos; where the rich & wealthy, young adults, and other lagosians hang out. Places like The Vibe, Sirocco, Hrc, Wave Sport Lounge, Moist Beach, Sunday Atilashe, My Club Envy, Landmark Beach, Wave Beach, Elegushi Beach Spot...all and more in Lagos. These places can be leveraged on, by engaging the owners and coming to an agreement that make them talk about, and also hang pictorial awareness about the games and entertainment at the stadium. Even the major club houses can be leveraged on, there's something in it for them too. It is possible, it will work. Another study of the Premier League revealed that, the league, as we know it today was based upon the marketing template of American sports like American Football. The idea being to portray the 'product ( games, and the club) as entertainment that will garner interest from the media, who will be gaining the great content they crave, and sponsors who would now want to associate themselves with football, generate a sizeable television audience and gain traction in the media. This then creates a platform for rolling success because more revenue into the game that can be invested into attracting the best players, that enhances the product for further growth, keep it out of reach from the competition that is other domestic divisions that are vying for these top players. The Premier League, sponsors and media formed the three parts of the pyramid that formed the beginnings of this rolling success, with each stakeholder offering something to and wanting something from one another. As said earlier, the media craves good content, not only broadcasting an exciting football match but also a newspaper getting an interview with star footballers, because it sells copies. Sponsors want exposure and will happily pay for the privilege, so play their part in bankrolling the ever-growing investment into the Premier League. Again, in the Nigeria context, this can also be apply.

Lastly, application of the Manchester United Marketing Strategy & Marketing Mix (4Ps) in the Nigeria contex is the master keyt. The club is a ever growing brand, what exactly is the club's how?  -  the 4Ps (Product, Price, Place, Promotion). There are several marketing strategies like product innovation, pricing approach, promotion planning etc. These business strategies, based on Manchester United marketing mix, help the brand succeed in the market. Manchester United marketing strategy helps the brand/company to position itself competitively in the market and achieve its business goals & objectives. The product strategy and mix in Manchester United marketing strategy can be explained as follows: Manchester United is one of the leading football clubs in the world based out of England. The product of Manchester United includes the team itself and merchandises which includes shirts, training kits, goalkeeper kits, special merchandises for women and kids. They also display products based on the players so that loyal fans can buy products of their favourite players. The company also owns their own TV channel which broadcasted matches of the players. The brand of football, tickets, merchandize etc are all a part of its marketing mix product portfolio. The website has association with other websites and they also show ads, selling campaigns and football matches of the team. The team has star players and thus, they have a leverage as the fans are eager to buy products, associated with these players. In the recent match, it stood against in the premier league. The company has tie ups like Adidas sells Manchester United Logo jerseys and thus, this way, the company expands its reach in the market. 

The Pricing strategy in Manchester United marketing strategy: The club follows premium pricing as the products are marketed a premium products and the company wanted upmarket penetration. The team has a loyal fan following and thus, they don’t face any problem when it comes to customers willingness to pay the price. The seasonal tickets are further expensive, especially the first class tickets. This generates a high revenue but second largest revenue gets generated from broadcasting shows. The team has a global presence and thus, the commercialization has benefited them.

The distribution strategy in the Manchester United marketing mix: Initially, the Manchester United team played matches in field on Narh Road where the crowd capacity was 12000 spectators and in 1893, the club was banned from playing on the ground and thus, they eventually shifted to Bank Street ground, located in Clayton. In 1902, the ground was changed to Harpurhey while in 1909, the ground shifted back to Old Trafford. Presently, UK has main centre base and red colour of Manchester United is Fan’s favourite. The official website provides live updates, match coverage, match highlights, player’s fixture, and player profiles.

The promotional and advertising strategy in the Manchester United marketing strategy is as follows: Manchester United has had ( still does) star players with their loyal customer base and thus that’s a promotion strategy in itself. Apart from that company does promotion in partnership with other companies, showcasing promotional products. There has been several deals over years to promote the company. Some of them include deals with Nike, General Motors. The endorsement of various products by the star players, is a source of revenue generation for the company. Moreover, the official website is displayed as Fan’s academy and thus there are fixtures, live updates, highlights and various merchandises available. Since this is a service marketing brand, here are the other three Ps to make it the 7Ps marketing mix of Manchester United.

In conclusion, as regards Premier League estimates, there are 170 million or more Nigerians tracking their teams and players with some top teams like Manchester United, Chelsea, Liverpool and Manchester City having their own fan clubs spread across key Nigerian cities as well as other African countries. With a surging target audience, advertisers today see tremendous merit in associating with the Premier League. Additionally, the brand positivity demonstrated by fans as per the supersport report during the last season has encouraged multiple categories of advertisers to leverage the property and build strong associative value.  This is the key. We can do the same, with some subtraction and additional inputs, it will work. But for it to thrive, the fans must, first and foremost, be shown how valuable they are to the team and the game in synecdoche. 

Olorode, Segun Stephen.


THE PLACE OF RELIGION IN ENSURING PEACE AND HARMONY IN NIGERIAN SOCIETY; A STUDY OF THE ROLE OF PETENCOSTAL PARTNERSHIP OF NIGERIA (PFN)

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INTRODUCTION
The Place of Religion in Guaranteeing Peace and Concordance in Nigerian Society: A Case Ponder of PFN ( Petencostal Partnership of Nigeria) is an examination of how religion can in common term be utilize as an instrument for bringing around peace and agreement within the Nigerian society with specific focus on the pentecostal fellowship of Nigeria's part in guaranteeing peace and agreement. The work through the utilization of both essential and auxiliary sources of data have point consideration to religion and the Nigerian state, devout developments and variables that helps it in Nigeria, part of religion in Nigeria open space, devout emergencies and how it has undermined national advancement of Nigeria, causes, impact and cases of devout emergencies in Nigeria. The work found that when we see absent from the broken parts of religion and the chaos it has caused in Nigeria and get it, overseen it well, it can and will be utilize as a medium for peace and agreement in Nigeria. The work pointed at alienating the well known see and conception that religion is as it were an instrument of war, psychological warfare, emergency, clashes among other fiendish indecencies and utilizing Christianity and PFN as a premise, it can be utilize to bring around peace and agreement in Nigeria society. This work is said to have contributed to the body of information but it has championed the idea that religion notwithstanding of it pessimism on Nigeria within the past, it can as well be utilize as a implies for peace and concordance in Nigeria at huge.

DISCUSSION
A society where we have two or more diverse belief systems channel to accomplishing same objective might not be able to do without strife, struggle in terms of thoughts and unconventional positions kept up by such belief systems. In spite of the fact that, it can be troublesome to state which philosophy is way better, unless we have a clear result of what such philosophies has made out of it thoughts. So too in same line with religion. A devout pluralistic society may be troublesome to wash off emergency no matter how little, usually since each religion in its claim uniqueness tends to be the only true religion satisfactory to God, by this, dismissing other religions as unholy and unsatisfactory. Ready to at that point start to see reasons why two or more philosophies almost a specific subject can be tricky within the society. Within the case of Nigeria, looking at the three major religions in Nigeria, which are African Conventional Religion, Islam and Christianity, these three religions have God as their subject matter and displayed their God in a distinctive way in spite of the fact that with a few small similitudes traceable to their God, but what bubbles up this the more is the reality that the three religion talked almost God but never agreeing on the concept God.
There  is already this instinct in man that shows rejection, and by this conflict  or disagreement is inevitable except if a mind has been trained and orientated correctly. It'll be difficult on the off chance that not incomprehensible to date the exact day devout struggle begun in Nigeria, but we are can effectively point to a few major dates in time past when a few struggle hit Nigeria in in difficult way. Strife in Nigeria is followed back to the pre-independence period beneath the colonial run the show, most strife back at that point never begun as a devout strife but political or tribal struggle which graduated to gotten to be devout strife.Islam had taken a firm hold within the Northern portion and Christianity was the prospering confidence within the Southern portion. These circumstances cleared out the developing country isolated into two parts with profound ideological differences.
Religious vonflict, which often reflects lack of cordiality, mutual suspicion and fear, and affect the relationship between members of one religious group and another, of such group in a multi-religious scocoety, there is a high tendency towards violent confrontation. In Nigeria, it is interesting to note that religious bigotry have become a fulcrum of various forms of nationalism ranging from assertion of language, cultural autonomy and religious superiority to demands for local political autonomy and self-determination. All these sometimes lead to some forms of contextual discrimination of members of one religious group against another on the basis of differentiated systems of religion.
The resultant impacts of devout emergency in Nigeria are gigantic. It plagues all the segments within the Nigerian society. Certainly, these gigantic misfortunes have denied the country of needed manpower and administrations for the development of it’s wobbling economy conjointly closing down a few major commerce in areas also related with devout emergency, causing those who are utilized to be unemployed that's in the event that they indeed live to see the light of the following day. And this in a way as decreased the IGR (Inside Genratated Income) of such states and while it too takes absent from the states salary considering the reality that the state will got to settle the harms done. when there's savage strife, the common response of the government had been the utilize of all the coercive powers at its transfer to contain or prevent the strife. Indeed the evolvement of the military has not driven to quick takeover of the circumstance by the state.

CONCLUSION
Religion and how it is being practiced and adhered to in Nigeria have been labelled to be an instrument of conflicts and crises. This is as a result of how it has led to many many conflicts which have affected Nigeria. An examination of this conception coupled with the adverse effects of religion in Nigeria could to some extent be argued and said to be right but cannot be holistically right. Thibis because when religion is seen beyond an instrument of conflicts and properly managed well, it can be use as an instrument of peace and harmony in Nigeria. This paper concentrating on religion (Christianity and PFN) have argued that religion can be use as a channel and medium towards peace in Nigeria. This is in the instance where adherents of different religious affiliations sees themselves as one and will always place humanity emphasizing on the sacredness of human life before religion.

©Emmanuel Ibitoye

Aliens: Extraterrestrial Hypothesis {ETH}, Panspermia Theory, and Factual Evidences. by O., S., Segun

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In many ways, the fanatical obsession behind the conjectural existence of Aliens or unidentified flying object (UFO), Aliens Spaceship, Flying Saucer, or unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP), as adopted by Americans to suppress the surreptitious fright damages on her citizens, has been subjected to a putative conclusions - unconfirmed reports, fallacies, traffic hub for  fake news peddlers, product of creative imagination and a stepping stone to relevancy by conspiracy theorists. But the questions are: Has any mysterious flying objects been sighted? Yes. Was there a high profiled resources backed investigation to proof aliens existence and suppostitious presence on Earth? Yes. Have they been identified, with concrete evidence to proof what was sighted was ETH or Alien species? No. As Carl Sagan said,
 “Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence.” 
Therefore, until there's substantial evidence or proof to backed the claim, the initial stance remains. 

The special elites investigative committee reports set up by the US, Canada, Brazil, Soviet Union, and UK Intelligence agency show absolutely no evidence of Aliens. The first time Alien Ship or UFO sighting occured was in 1947, by businessman, Kenneth Arnold, who claimed to see a group of nine high-speed objects near Mount Rainier in Washington while flying his small plane. Arnold estimated the speed of the crescent-shaped objects as several thousand miles per hour and said they moved...
“like saucers skipping on water.”  


Mr Arnold's use of words led to the adoption of the term flying saucer. By 1948, sightings of alien ship or unidentified aerial phenomena increased, prompting U.S. Air Force's Project Sign investigation of 1948. There was an ambiguous opinion by those involved with the project - the sighted UFOs were said to be most likely sophisticated Soviet aircraft, while some researchers suggested that they might be spacecraft from other worlds - Extraterrestrial Hypothesis (ETH). In 1949, Project Sign was succeeded by Project Grudge, which in 1952 was followed by Project Blue Book, considered to be the longest-lived of the official inquiries into UFOs, from 1952 to 1969; headquartered at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio. While Investigation was going on in the US, there was also elite teams doing the same in other countries. Flying Saucer Working Party was the name of the United Kingdom Ministry of Defence’s (MOD) first "official study into UFOs", which has its roots in a study commissioned in 1950 by the MOD’s then Chief Scientific Adviser, the eminent radar scientist Sir Henry Tizard. The respected scientist was of the opinion that UFO sightings should not be dismissed without some form of proper scientific study. An investigation was carried out; according to their report, what is considered to be alien presence or UFOs could just be strong astronomical or meteorological phenomena, misidentification of aircraft, balloons, birds and the like; optical illusions and psychological delusions, deliberate hoaxes. The report ended: 
“We accordingly recommend very strongly that no further investigation of reported mysterious aerial phenomena be undertaken, unless and until some material evidence becomes available.”

By 1952, the numbers of radar and visual sightings had increased. A documented one was the Incidences close to the National Airport in Washington, D.C. Although it attributed to temperature inversions in the air over the city, not everyone was convinced by this explanation. The Central Intelligence Agency noticed the skepticism and advised the government to set up an expert panel of scientists, physicists, an astronomer, and rocket engineer, to be headed by H.P. Robertson to investigate the phenomena.The Robertson Panel did a critical analysis of the materials, interviewed military officers and the head of Project Blue Book for three days in 1953. They also reviewed films and photographs of UFOs. Their conclusions were that; 
" (1) 90 percent of the sightings could be easily attributed to astronomical and meteorologic phenomena (e.g., bright planets and stars, meteors, auroras, ion clouds) or to such earthly objects as aircraft, balloons, birds, and searchlights, (2) there was no obvious security threat, and (3) there was no evidence to support the ETH".

This particular report has lucid resemblance with the Robertson panel reports. It was said to have been kept classified until 1979, and this long period of secrecy helped fuel suspicions of a government cover-up. In 1959, Project Magnet, established by Transport Canada, was born under the direction of Wilbert Brockhouse Smith. Although his report was a little different from others as he concluded that Aliens UFOs were probably extraterrestrial in origin and likely operated by manipulation of magnetism but the research stop without no proofs. 

Furthermore, the US Air Force pushed for another committees, in 1966, to review the materials gathered by Project Blue Book. Two years later this committee, which made a detailed study of 59 UFO sightings, released its results as Scientific Study of Unidentified Flying Objects—also known as the Condon Report, named for Edward U. Condon, the physicist who headed the investigation. The Condon Report was reviewed by a special committee of the National Academy of Sciences. A total of 37 scientists wrote chapters or parts of chapters for the report, which covered investigations of the 59 UFO sightings in detail. Like the Robertson Panel, the committee concluded that there was no evidence of anything other than commonplace phenomena in the reports and that UFOs did not warrant further investigation. A gentle decline in sighting activity, led to the dismantling of Project Blue Book in 1969. According to the project report, they had more than 12,000 sightings of aliens entities, presence, flying objects or events, each of which was ultimately classified as; 
(1) “identified” with a known astronomical, atmospheric, or artificial (human-caused) phenomenon or (2) “unidentified.” 

The latter category, approximately 6 percent of the total, included cases for which there was insufficient information to make an identification with a known phenomenon. French Space Agency CNES whose brief was to investigate Aliens or UFOs started project GEIPAN from 1977–1988. UFOs presence was 'felt' in Colares City, Pará, Brazil in 1977. The local residents claimed that scars on their bodies were caused by the lights, movement, in the sky. Believing it would keep the lights away, residents of Colares organized prayer vigils, lit fires, and ignited fireworks. An operation, tagged Operation Saucer or Operation Plate, was immediately commanded by Captain Uyrangê Bolivar Soares Nogueira de Hollanda Lima. Several pictures of lights were recorded but the military remained skeptical. Four months after, the operation was closed after finding no unusual phenomenal.The Institute 22 organization, created in 1978, by the Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Defense in the Soviet Union began Its mission to investigate UFOs in the Soviet Union. Institute 22 investigated almost 3000 UFO reports. About 5-10% of all cases remained unexplained when the organization was eventually dissolved. However, there was a leaked reports that what was considered Aliens presence or spaceship UFOs was a secret cover-up of a near-nuclear launch. The Soviet Union later explained the UFOs as flares, which the Army was testing from a higher altitude. Project Condign, a secret UFO research undertaken by the British Government's Defence Intelligence Staff (DIS) between 1997 and 2000, concluded that UFOs had an observable presence that was “indisputable”, but also that no evidence has been found to suggest they are "hostile or under any type of control". According to the report, the majority of analyzed UFO sightings can be explained by the misidentification of common objects such as aircraft and balloons, while the remaining unexplainable reports were most likely the result of a supernormal meteorological phenomena not fully understood by modern science.


Lastly, In January 2021, US congress broader intelligence legislation led to the set up of another Investigative committee. When the report was brought forth, U.S. Senator Marco Rubio was instrumental to commissioning it, He had said; "For years, the men and women we trust to defend our country reported encounters with unidentified aircraft that had superior capabilities, and for years their concerns were often ignored and ridiculed; this report is an important first step in cataloging these incidents, but it is just a first step." 
According to this U.S. government Navy led Task force report on UFOs released in June 2021, It was said that, defense and intelligence analysts lack sufficient data to determine the nature of mysterious flying objects observed by American military pilots including whether they are advanced earthly technologies, atmospherics or of an extraterrestrial origin.


A few scientists, evolutionary biologists - Richard Dawkins and the late Francis Crick included, have claimed that they cannot rule out the Panspermia hypothesis that bacteria distributed by space dust, asteroids or meteors arrived on earth and sparked life. A statement also championed by Dr Ellis Silver, an evolution professor, which, in simpler english, means humans did not come from heaven/earth but must have been brought by Aliens. As crazy as it all sounds, scientists have long posited the possibility of aliens on our planet, and Hollywood has consistently helped to fuel the putative claims. However, there have not been a concrete fact or evidence to justify the claim despite high profiled investigations. 

Olorode, Segun Stephen.

Note: Constructive Corrections, Criticisms Opinions, and Comments are highly welcome. Drop it in the comment section, please.
Thanks.

LIONHEART: A COMMON STORY TOLD IN AN UNCOMMON WAY

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A  REVIEW; BY  O,   S, STEPHEN.

What distinctively distinguish Nigeria from other Africa states is, not only her giant nature , or 6th position as the largest  oil producing and exporting countries in the world, but ,  also her rich arts, which encompasses every form of it. It spans, unarguably, centuries. It all starts from the oral form of arts; Ijala Ode, Ewi, Ekun Iyawo , Oriki, Alo Apamo, hunters’ chants. Her written form, pioneered by Ene Henshaw and Wole Soyinka, and the first generation playwrights. Traveling theatres, traced to its origin; the time of Alaafin Ogbolu , and his Ologbojo. Later ,the time of Hubert  Ogunde, Kola Ogunmola, Duro Ladipo, and later the likes of Baba Sala, Dr. I .showpepper, AdeLove Afolayan (the father of the famous filmmaker kunle Afolayan), Kola Oyewo, Chief Lere Paimo, and lots more. In music, we had great men who sang their heart, perception, belief, thoughts, ideas, social comments, advices. Men like Fathai RollingDollar, Fela Anikulapo the great, Commander Ebennezer Obey the first, King Sunny Ade, Victor Iwaifo, I.K Dairo,  Ayinla Omowura, Victor Olaiya,  Ayinde Barrister, Ayinla Kollinton, Sir Shina Peter...Afrojuju maestro, Femi Kuti, the Trybes men, PlantashionBoiz, Remedies, Idris Abduareem, JJC Sillz and his 419squad, Seun Kuti, Mode 9, 2face Idibia , D’banj , Don Jazzy , and so many more (these are those I could remember. So don’t take it personal if you do not see some names). Now, we are celebrating the new Nollywood.

First and foremost, I want to congratulate Genevieve Nnaji on the success of her new film: LIONHEART, and on the distribution right bought by NETFLIX. I must say, you deserve it, and once more you have Inspire that young girl, lady and young man, not give up on his/her dreams. Though, it may tarry, but  it will eventually happen . 

This is a story of a young beautiful lady,  Adaeze , who , with her uncle struggles to save her father’s transport company from bankruptcy. A company that represents her father, and the entire family’s legacy . It is a story that centres on leadership, love, loyalty, family, unity, inter-tribal relationship, talents, betrayer, and many more.

Truthfully, this story is not a WOW story, but what stood it out among the rest is that,  it is a common story , told  in an uncommon way. 

One of the noticeable thing about the film is that , I saw  Genevieve correcting wrong perspective about the Igbos. White writers: Joyce Carey and David Conrad in their books: MR JOHNSON AND HEART OF DARKNESS, misrepresented Nigeria, Nigerians, Africa and Africans. Chinua Achebe wrote THINGS FALL APART to correct this wrong representations.  She did the same. Kudos her.

She made a case for feminism (and did not disappoint) ; the issue of right, equality, and a female can do better ( what a man can do) is evidence in the film. Her role was perfect. I could see the oozing confidence and what her father, Chief Ernest Obiagu (Pete Edochie ,the wise one ) sees in his daughter. She is a goal-getter, dedicated, diligent, hardworking, persistent, solution-finder, problem solver( the way  she solved the problem with the miscreants at the beginning of the movie says a lot about her leadership qualities). I am sure Onyinye ( Jemima Osunde ) agrees with me on this .

The film is not predictable. It isn’t the usual Nollywood kind of story; it is very different , and full of suspense. In filmmaking, there is a rule that says ‘’ it must not be told rather,  it must be shown’’. Which means that ,  if it is not showable then, it is not good enough, as ,  this is a visual means of the media. 

Tribalism would have followed the movie, but thank God for wisdom. The choice of another ethnic group , specifically , Northern Nigeria, was  perfect. I believe they chose right. Choosing Yoruba would have been wrong (Igbos and the Yorubas re born lovers; they naturally love themselves. But Igbos and the Hausas are always fighting themselves. Remember the independence period, civil war , …).  Bringing in the north was a great idea, because through this collaboration, the LIONHEART team  has planted another seed of peace, and unity between the ethnic groups which I  pray will germinate well.

ACTING

Genny , it seems to me that you carefully selected your actors( which is not a bad idea, as you can choose whoever you want to be part of your production). But, I am going to be very honest , as a theatre student , and a stage actor myself,  I must say,  they all acted well. I think it is fair enough to say that. Though, they could have been better , but they were good nevertheless. I won’t mention everyone of them.  I will only talk about those who the social media family have been talking about and those they did not notice were exceptional. ( no need to be talking about people who acted  well like Pete Edochie, Onyeka Onwenu, Kalu Ikeagwu, Kanayo .o. Kanayo , and the other great actors . I repeat they were all great) 

ESCOTT KAMAR- THANGOD (THUG)

The leader of the thugs at the beginning of the scene is an exceptional actor; a very good one. He brought a lot of action to the first scene, both he and his entourage of thugs , they were perfect. He was able to carry his feelings, anger, and situation on ground on his face( did you notice how red his eye was). He was able to render his lines with lots of energy. I couldn’t understand the Igbo he was speaking, but I felt the point he was making through his mannerism, facial expressions, action, and dialogue. Wherever you are, sir, I salute you.

JEMIMA OSUNDE-OYINYE

A pretty young lady with a fine face,  and a fine brain. A medical student , who combines her school with her passion. She played Adaeze’s personal assistant.  A funny role she played well. She has  constantly proven herself since Mtvbase shuga series, New money and the rest. I see a lot of prospect, and I strongly believe in her that she’s sure going places. keep soaring.

PETER OKOYE (PSQUARE)

The addition of his sonorous voice and the keyboard ( as seen in the movie ) is equal to excellence . I believe he has a great voice, and he does not have any reason to prove it again. For a first timer, except for music videos acting (if it can be call such), you are good, with time he will become better.  But , I saw something, the chemistry between Peter and Genny was a 21st century own .

CHIBUZO AZUUBUIE ‘’PHYNO’’

Phyno tried a lot. He brought the hip-hop feels to the film. But, Phyno , ‘’who did Obiagu’s beat ?    Masterkraft right?’’ …. that beat is siccckkkk. Masterkraft is a genius. The hook was very catchy , you cannot carry the course;  you must to dance. I found myself dancing, and chanting …obaigu…obiagu…. .Please shoot a video for the song. It , sure, going to be an instant hit.  I dare say it to your face, that you, Phyno, are a great singer, rapper and entertainer.

OSOFIA

This man is one of the persons that made this film very interesting.  His impact cannot be overemphasized. He was extremely hilarious, and wasn’t the usual uncle that always take over the brother’s properties. His role was a comic- relief.  Sir, you are a great comedian, no one would have done it better; you were perfect for the role.

CREW MEMBERS

The entire team was awesome, the writers and the director did a commendable job. The director of photography was good with his camera, lights... The shots contributed to the story,  and applied to the psychological side of the viewers. I love all the shots expecially the XLS/ELS, and the BIRDEYE VIEW shots. The scene’s establishment shots , the high shot, and the camera angles ; was creatively done. Overall, a job weldone.

ERROR

Interestingly, the one thing that set the movie apart positively, which is the Igbo language, is the same thing that limits it; as there was no subtitle. This particular issue brings to my memory the issue of language at  ‘’ A CONFERENCE OF AFRICAN LITERATURE. THE FIRST AFRICAN WRITERS CONFERENCE, WHICH WAS HELD AT MAKERERE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE IN KAMPALA, UGANDA. OFFICIALLY CALLED A ‘ CONFERENCE OF AFRICAN WRITERS OF ENGLISH EXPRESSION’ ‘’. The conference was sponsored by the Congress for Cultural Freedom and the Mbari Club in association with the Department of Extra-Mural Studies of Makerere, whose director was Gerald Moore. The conference was attended by many prominent African writers, including: from West Africa, Chinua Achebe, Wole Soyinka (Nobel Laureate in Literature), John Pepper Clark, Obi Wali, Gabriel Okara, Christopher Okigbo, Bernard Fonlon, Frances Ademola, Cameron Duodu, Kofi Awoonor; from South Africa: Ezekiel Mphahlele, Bloke Modisane, Lewis Nkosi, Dennis Brutus, Arthur Maimane; from East Africa Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o ( James Ngugi), Robert Serumaga, Rajat Neogy (founder of Transition Magazine), Okot p'Bitek, Pio Zirimu (credited with coining the term "orature"), Grace Ogot, Rebecca Njau, David Rubadiri, Jonathan Kariara; and from the African diaspora Langston Hughes. The conference was "not only the very first major international gathering of writers and critics of African literature on the African continent; it was also held at the very cusp of political independence for most African countries. Ngugi wa Thiong’o and Obi Wali both subscribed to the idea of indigenous use of language in writing,  While Chinua Achebe drew people’s attention to the limitation of using the indigenous language , and therefore suggested  they use the language of their colonial masters( Nigeria was colonized by the British, hence , English language)  in other to reach wider readers . Professor Wole Soyinka subscribed to the idea of technicality in the use of the foreign language, to prove the intellectual capability of the black man. Niyi Osundare suggested the colloquial use of the foreign language for the sake of the layman. Chinua Achebe rose , again, and suggested  they subscribe to HYBRIDITY, which means ; the fusion of the foreign language and the indigenous language in a wor of arts. This is evidence in Chinua Achebe’s books like THINGS FALL APART, ARROW OF GOD, A MAN OF THE PEOPLE, and transliteration is obvious as well in Wole Soyinka’s book: DEATH , AND THE KING’S HORSEMAN,  THE LION , AND THE JEWEL, ALAPATA APATA. These booKs as over the years receive positive results , and as such serve as a bank, for Nigerian culture. In the movie, LIONHEART, the use of that indigenous language was a great idea, as it set the eastern part of Nigeria apart from the foreign language , as many erroneously believe it emanates from them. Therefore, the use of that Igbo language defines them, set them apart, and most importantly, define their true identity.

Once again, I want to , emphatically , state that I love the film, and I look forward to see more, from this particular team.

WHITE AND NOT RED IS THE NEW FREEDOM ROAD :THE REFIX::THE REMIX: *THE CATHARSIS*

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Bloodbath,
Massacres
Locomotically from the rising of the sun to the set-ing of the moon
Down from the corners of the witches of east end
Sprang forth from the northern wing
To the sides polars wings in proximity to the source.

Organs liquidly clothed in red litters the mother earth
Reddish-brown
Parts, separately and Reddishly scattered on the highway
Pinched my flesh,
This is dream not, negator

Fear, uproar, hullabaloo
Men running for their lives
Baby fell from that woman's back, yet, still on the run, she was
Stampeding,
Stampede,
Long, long matching and stepping
Bomb's ring tone dwarfs the babies wailing
Bombshells litters everywhere
Human heads roll over the streets likes dirts

Oh fanatics and religious bigot
All in the name of piety?
You abducted the girls
Turned them to service providers,
Turned them to human machines
Babies, rampant all over your camps.
Your siblings are slaughtering farmers and pregnant women
Why this insanity?
You Macheted men's head 
Scraped off resisted ladies breast
Why?
Why allow twelve brutal and experienced men take turns on those girls ?
Why coerce a brother to commit incest with the sister, in public, to the mother's sadness and death?
Why cut-off Alhaji's manhood?
Why cut Aishat open?
Oh, see..
.. pinkish red Intestine...
What happened to your heart?
Your heart is cauterized?
Very seared with hot iron.

Cow master! why?
Grazing to grave-ing
Clasps the dagger
You cut down the former
HUMAN-NESS, you have lost,
You have cease to become
ANIMAL-NESS, you have become born again of
This, you have put-on

OH, mishali of soweto
Mandela, great madiba
ADEBANTI, THE ELEGE of EGELAND
Zik of Igbo land
Awolowo of Yoruba_land
Tafawa of hausa-land
Listen to the onomatopoeia of my buca-cavity
Your foreshadowing is manifest-ing
Man is no longer human
Man is violenCE,
Beastic - beast,
''Asinwin '' marauding vampire

Is red the freedom road?
Reprisal will be bloody, another blood-bath
To be free, blood will be required
To be stagnantly dormant, the red sea will still flood
Yet, the anus's mouth is the Sango-Ota - - the gate-way city
For relieve sake, it must be widely opened
White-ness is the new freedom road for the sake of lives

OLORODE SEGUN STEPHEN.

The little slice of insanity By world famous drunk Poet.

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Listen,
I wish to spill my thoughts on the papyrus of your heart
And to Crest my love on the skin of your emotions
I want you to be the dream I will never wake up from
And the only rain that will ever kiss my soil

Listen,
I wish to dive into the pool of your love
That I may be drown in your deepest emotions
I want you to crush me with the rock of your sympathy
And from your fountain of desires I wish to have a drink

Listen
I wish to have my heart beating in your hands
That my fingertips and ink will poetically publish our love story
And have men praise me for my heroic love stupidity

Listen,
Just like Romeo, I wish to be breathtakingly foolish enough
To die for you
Because I know love is a little slice of insanity.
. 
Balogun David Tolulope
{drunkpoet}